Brinell vs Rockwell C. 9% C in a prepared carbon-containing atmosphere, hold for about 4 hours (to reach a depth of 1. High-alloy Steels. $80. AR stands for Abrasion Resistant and will come in designations like AR400 or AR500 and usually offered as-rolled versus normalized (AR 200, 235 and 600 are also available). AR400 has a tensile strength of 135,000 psi, while AR450 has a tensile strength of 170,000 psi. It can have a very high tensile strength among the wrought alloy steels in the same category in the database. Density (lb / cu. 119″ – . You provide the values of d 1 – d 5 when you define the Johnson-Cook dynamic failure model. First, I’ll get started with a new, empty part. Yield ratio. where d 1 – d 5 are failure parameters measured at or below the transition temperature, θ transition, and ε ˙ 0 is the reference strain rate. My cart. According to EN1993-1-1 §3. AR500F has can resist more impact than AR500. Introduction. It also has great ductility in its annealed state, making it easy to draw it into wires. Hardox ® 600 has a nominal hardness of 600 HBW and a uniquely high toughness for such a hard steel. 4140 steel is a low alloy steel plate. Welding electrode/ TIG MIG filler for ASTM A514, A517. Manufactured in Australia, BIS 500 steel is used for such purposes as dump truck wear liners, ground engaging tools, earthmoving buckets, chutes, and cutting edges – among other products. With a high Brinell hardness number (BHN), AR500 steel is perfect for targets because of its functionality and safety. HARDOX: This can be seen advertised everywhere and complicates the choice for many. 70 efficiency or poor mechanical properties [22]. To deal with the high carbon content present in the steel, it requires heat treatment before, during, and after welding to manipulate its. In addition, 316L stainless steel can be easily welded with most. AR400- better for impact applications, AR500- better for sliding applications. AR500 VS. AR500 has the highest tensile strength, so it is more durable and better suited for high-stress applications. 21 is preferred in Canada. Build a Quote for A514 Steel Plate. You can weld the steel using any conventional technique, and no pre-heating is needed up to 25. However, the mechanical properties of this steel will be affected if it is welded in the heat-treated condition, and post-weld heat treatment should be performed. The carbon potential is close to eutectoid, maintaining a 1 h diffusion. Low melting temperature AlSiZn materialIt is also used to control the mechanical properties of steel after welding. 1 Availability, properties and tolerances Galvanised Material Hot-dip galvanised cold rolled and. ). Nov 5 2018 The difference between an abrasion-resistant steel plate and an ordinary steel plate is very important, yet the differences between AR500, AR450, and AR400 are more subtle. The controlled rolling process refines the grain of the alloy, and improves durability. 304 stainless steel plate has a minimum tensile strength of 75 ksi and a minimum yield strength at 0. Nov 20, 2018For A500M use the following formula: 2. which the temperature of the steel and its reduction ratio are controlled, particularly during the final rolling passes, in order to achieve fine grain micro-structure and optimum mechanical properties. Yield Point (ksi) Tensile Strength (ksi) Elongation % 44W – 2. AR500 steel plate boasts excellent mechanical properties such as high tensile strength and hardness. A514 steel is available in a variety of chemistries: B, E, F, H, Q, and S. Carbon Equivalency (47) 1/8″ to 1″ Thicknesses. The properties of ASTM A514 steel include eight common variations. Shear modulus, G = E/ [2 (1 + ν )] N/mm², often taken as 81,000 N/mm². There are many manufacturers of it. Available thicknesses range from . 2 Cold formed steels; 3. 9 0. 00. As a result, HSLA 80 offers high strength and good bendability, with up to 20-30% less weight than would be required with the equivalent strength in carbon steel, and provides excellent weldability. The alloy contains zinc, magnesium, chromium and copper as hardeners, as well as small amounts of iron, silicon, manganese and titanium. 2% of 30 ksi. 45 – 0. We stock AR500 Wear Plate in sizes from 1/4″ thick up to and including 2″ thick. Its first common application was in tanks. com® Product Guide. 3/16″ – 3″ (Widths 72″ – 96″ – 120″) 1/4″ – 2 1/2″ (Widths 72″ and 96″) * Chemistry may vary depending on thickness and application – Please inquire. Hard Side Plates . 3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. All such physical properties are measurable or observable. It has a tensile strength of 570 - 700 MPa and Brinell hardness ranging between 170 and 210. Table-2, SS 316 stainless steel properties, data are for 25. M. It has a lower hardness of 360 – 444 BHN. Except type D3 steel, all the other group D steels include 1% Mo and are air hardened. The tensile strength and hardness of AISI 4340 and AR500 steels were evaluated and compared to that of RHA and the results were analysed based on its chemical compositions and microstructural observation. From industrial pure iron to high-strength aluminum alloys, this chart covers a wide range of materials and grades. Toll Free. AR400, AR450, AR500, what's the. The higher a ballistic plate ’ s Brinell. Hudson Tool Steel. GMAW uses a wire electrode that generates heat through an. 316L Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties. Supplied in the annealed or prehardened condition. However, SSAB has two UHH armor steels designated ARMOX 600T and ARMOX ADVANCE that meet this hardness criteria. It can be used as liner material for blades, but not for fan rotor base metal construction. tensile strength. Mechanical properties are achieved by quenching and when necessary by means of subsequent tempering. ASTM A500 is the most common specification in North America for Hollow Structural Sections. While targeted at more severe wear conditions, Hardox ® 600 can still be cut and welded, making it an excellent choice for high-performance applications. Hardox® 450, with an extra 50 Brinell hardness over our 400 grade, provides better dent and abrasion resistance as. The yield ratio of general carbon steel is 0. Metals and Materials Table of Contents. 50%. Alpharetta, Georgia 30004. 8 Grade Bare Steel/Zinc Plated; 12. A key feature is the high strength and toughness with a guaranteed hardness – Brinell. Classified according to its mechanical properties instead of its chemistry, HSLA-80 is formulated to offer structural efficiencies to take maximum. "ratio of stress (force per unit area) along an axis to strain (ratio. This material is an Abrasion Resistant, Thru-Hardened, Alloy Wear Plate. Stee Tb Institute Brochure: Dimensions And Section Properties ASTM A500 steeltbeinsttte. First, the plate is heated to a high temperature – between 1,000 and 1,300 degrees – then rapidly cooled. Menu. Optional mechanical testing options are available upon enquiry. ASTM A36 SS400 steel properties: JIS SS400 steel is an ASTM A36 equivalent material. With a Millermatic 180, you could do 3/16" (. 85 g/cm3. Mild steel and two grades of stainless steel, 304 and 430 are discussed below. However, the addition. 6-0. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. However, the joining of AR500 steel and AA7075 aluminium alloy is. In summary, both S7 tool steel and AR500 are high-quality steels with exceptional strength. Here's the breakdown. . Abrasion resistant (AR) steel plate is a high-carbon alloy steel plate. 04 max 0. manufacturing difficulties inherent in DHA. So, AR500 is an Abrasion Resistant Steel. 2. 025: 0. Grade A has a minimum yield point of 290 MPa / 40 ksi, versus grade C and D at 345 Mpa / 50 ksi. 9 Grade Bare Steel/Zinc Plated; A2/A4 Stainless Steel; ISO 10642 Stainless; ISO 10642 8. where low-temperature notch-toughness properties may be important. The. Spartan™ Omega™ AR500 bulletproof vest plates hold a 500 Brinell Hardness rating, a scale used to rate the hardness of steel and various other materials. 8mm) from either end of the tubing. By continuing to browse this site you agree to our use of cookies. Hardness: 475/535 BHN:This property data is a summary of similar materials in the MatWeb database for the category "Low Carbon Steel". The modern four-high plate mill allows the possibility to roll with large reductions, resulting in a fine-grained microstructure. This alloy steel is flexible during hardening treatments, thus enabling improvement of case/core properties. The following datasheet will provide more details about AISI 8620 alloy steel. It shows excellent weldability and machining capability, making it ideal for use in industrial and commercial structures. AR400 Steel vs. ) C Torsional shear. a standard specification for black and hot-dipped, zinc-coated, welded and seamless steel pipe, is used for mechanical and pressure applications as well as ordinary uses in steam, water, gas. S7 tool steel is generally more expensive than AR500 due to its high-alloy composition and specialized manufacturing processes. You will find steel plate in. This alloy steel is flexible during hardening treatments, thus enabling improvement of case/core properties. 050 in]), and reduce the temperature to 845 °C (1555 °F). Chemical CompositionASME B36. 47-0. The differ slightly in their mechanical properties. Results indicate similar tensile properties were observed in RHA and AR500 but different properties obtained for AISI 4340. Metal Variety. The titanium atoms stabilise the structure of the 316 at temperatures over 800°C. Additional uses include shooting targets and armor, AR500 steel is commonly used for these applications as higher BHN steels are more brittle. AR500 is a very common steel armor plate that is used in body armor. Disclaimer. A514 is a conventional quenched and tempered alloy steel plate designed for structural applications. Metals Trade Name Manufacturer | Recently Viewed Materials. Supplied in the as-rolled condition: Q&T or Tempered. Though these two grades have similarities, the key difference between the. . 13mm), of the specified size. Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes A0500-03A ASTM|A0500-03A. AR500 is the same steel alloy used in body armor plates sold to SWAT teams and law enforcement. Carbon steels (such as S15C, S45C, S50C, S55C, and S60C) have lower carbon content than carbon tool steels (SK), and are used in applications that require a certain amount of strength and toughness. AR500 steel plate is a high-carbon steel alloy and has a surface hardness of 477-534 Brinell Hardness. With an extra 50 HBW hardness over AR 400 grades, it provides additional wear resistance for an extended service life. The mechanical properties of a material affect how it behaves as it is loaded. In the feature manager, just right click (RMB) on the existing material and select “Edit Material”. Additionally, SAE 1008 has an electrical resistivity. Surface hardness can range between 470-540. The hot rolled NM500 vs ar500 plates products are made to specific chemistry and mechanical properties ranges, allowing them to be used in engineered applications. It is primarily used in rifle-grade steel plates for bulletproof vests and targets. Modulus of Elasticity - is a measure of stiffness of an elastic material. Call or Email Us for a Free Quote. Stainless steel's resistance to corrosion results from the chromium,. 00. As a result, HSLA 100 offers high strength and good bendability, with up to 20-30% less weight than would be required with the equivalent. They are developed particularly to resist. Steel is the cheapest of any armor material. AR400 steel is known for its exceptional mechanical properties, particularly its high tensile strength and hardness. In addition, the tools required to. General Info About MIL-A-46100. Carbon Steel – This common alloy of iron and carbon has been in production for centuries and scores highly for all four qualities that define strength. It is an exceptional welding steel, being weldable in all commercial methods, and is readily machined in its normalized. MSO currently has no data available for this grade. 75 mm (3/16 in. 315” thickness offered in 48”-81” wide cut to your requested length. With a high Brinell hardness number (BHN), AR500 steel is perfect for targets because of its functionality and safety. The carbon potential is close to eutectoid, maintaining a 1 h diffusion. Mechanical Properties Available Lengths Plasma Cut Tolerance; Brinnell Hardness – 400/440 BHN Tensile Strength – 180,000 PSI Yield. According to EN1993-1-1 §3. mechanical properties of the joint. This prevents carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries and protects the metal from corrosion. Physical Data. 32: 0. 10. Content (%). Below are the details. Other mechanical properties of structural steel that are important to the designer include: Modulus of elasticity, E = 210,000 N/mm². 40: 1. 4130 steel is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel and is considered a low carbon steel. Width :1500mm-4020mm. 86. The objective of the present work is to investigate the mechanical properties of the dual phase (DP) steels produced by the intermediate quenching (IQ) technique. Dmsons Metal Pvt. Steel Warehouse supplies AR400 steel plate, sheet, and coil, specifically designed for abrasion and wear-resistant applications. $65. Backpack Armor Insert . Download Hardox Guarantees to see how you can ensure predictable fabrication in the workshop. Martensite Carbon. Clifton Steel Tensalloy™ Blue AR500 Abrasion-Resistant Steel Wear Plate. AR500F Steel Plate AR500F Abrasion-Resistant Formable Steel Plate. ) 0. Care was taken to include as much information as possible about stainless steel flat products used throughout Europe, for the informatio n of the user: • Chemical and physical properties are in accordance with EN 10088-1:2005 • Mechanical properties are in accordanc e with EN 10088-2:2005, except for he at resisting grad es (EN 100 95:1999)AISI 1020 Low Carbon/Low Tensile Steel. 5% manganese, and small amounts of silicon, phos. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, India 1. Here are some reasons why AR500 is the industry standard: High hardness. Additionally, AR500 may be less widely available than S7, as it is used primarily in niche applications. The A46100 steel is the only steel that is rated to defeat a bullet traveling faster than 3,200 feet per second (fps). Spartan™ Omega™ AR500 bulletproof vest plates hold a 500 Brinell Hardness rating, a scale used to rate the hardness of steel and various other materials. While not routinely tested for mechanical properties, these can be requested as-needed. Action Target can also provide through. $egingroup$ What Jason said, but there seems to be a lot of BS about AR500 on the web. org 2 Dimensions and Section Properties of Round HSS 6 Dimensions and Section Properties of Square HSS 10 Dimensions and Section Properties of Rectangular HSS b Nominal width minus 3 times the design wall thickness, t (in. Simply put, the H series of shipbuilding-grade plate offers some of the highest performance steel in the world. 4140 Chromium-Molybdenum Steel. A514 steel plate is commonly used in heavy equipment parts that require a higher strength at a reduced weight, such as crane booms, mining equipment. Give us a call at 800-348-2529 or leave us a message. 1. The most common use for AR500 steels is heavy duty equipment that is subjected to a high degree of mechanical wear like excavators and attachments, dumpers, truck bodies, in mining etc. It is suitable for use in moderate and lower temperature applications and where notch toughness is important. Most people aren’t really all that familiar with AR500 steel, even though it’s widely used in many industries. It has a minimum tensile strength of around 530 MPa and a Brinell hardness rating of 477-534 HB. Mechanical and Chemical Data | Tolerances. AR500 has the highest tensile strength, so it is more durable and better suited for high-stress applications. G350 steel contains less than 0. : : REXAR 400 : : : RAEX AR 400 is a wear-resistant steel grade. Hardox® 450, with an extra 50 Brinell hardness over our 400 grade, provides better dent and abrasion resistance as. 3% carbon, 1. Steel-Iron-Nickel Alloy – There are. For all critical applications, verify to the applicable industry or requisite material / steel standard. They have unparalleled multi hit capabilities when compared to ceramic or polythene armor. They possess unique properties that make them suitable for applications requiring resistance to wear and tear. 180 in. 13 0. They quickly respond to mechanical and heat treatments than the carbon. A588 is a high strength, low alloy steel plate that was developed for use cases demanding higher strength and a longer life cycle. Steel can take a beating without degrading the armor too fast. Mechanical Properties: Tensile: 180-200 ksi TYPICAL – NOT INTENDED FOR STRUCTURAL USE. We had just finished a project to replace four (4) large induced draft boiler fans. (50 mm) = 61t + 12, rounded to the. Ar500 Price Per Square Foot is USD 2. 079‑1. The ASTM A513 specification covers electric-resistance-welded carbon steel tubing for use as mechanical and ornamental tubing. from publication: Mechanical properties and microstructures of steel panels for laminated composites in armoured. 0 - 550: Average value: 247 Grade. A common carburizing method of AISI SAE 8620 steel is to heat up to 925 °C (1700 °F) at a potential of 0. Branches featuring A514 Steel Plate products. This specialized plate is designed for severe impact and abrasion applications. Hardox ® 450 has a solid reputation as a highly versatile, abrasion-resistant steel that also has structural properties. Huayuan road 8202. California: 800-996-0411 New Hampshire: 866-557-2874 North Carolina:. The fans were fabricated of ASTM A 588 material. I'm assuming it was someone who has zero mechanical background because metal pieces designed to. The maximum hardness can. The maximum hardness can. Density: 0. 08 g/cc: 0. AR500 is a quenched & tempered, abrasion-resistant grade of steel plate. They are developed particularly to resist. 4140 annealed is supplied in the soft condition and can be hardened to RC 40. Alloy Steels. It has a minimum tensile strength of around 530 MPa and a Brinell hardness rating of 477-534 HB. 33% Carbon and 0. This increase in strength and abrasion resistance provides a greater impact and sliding resistance but will make the steel less malleable. This is usually about 45 watts for every Kelvin per meter. Steel - Testing, Properties, Manufacturing: The testing of steel’s properties often begins with checking hardness. The size of the steel plates is important for various applications and depends on the size of the objects requiring protection. It is important to understand the mechanical properties of 304 and 304L stainless steel plate, ASTM A240. Ltd. 3. The torch brazing method using Al-Si-Zn base filler metal wasused to join AR500 steel and AA7075 aluminium alloy in this study. It is the first physical property that determines the conductivity of steel. Hardox 500 is also known as BHN 500, AR 500 or AR500 steel. G350 steel contains less than 0. As a result, customers can expect longer-lasting wear parts in some of the toughest applications. SR500 is a new type of ballistic protection steel specifically designed for use in targets, ranges and other armor applications. Tensile Modulus - or Young's Modulus alt. 283 lb/in3: Ultimate Tensile Strength: 95 ksi: Yield Tensile Strength:The Calibre Steel custom range offers flexible order quantities. Learn important details about alloy-steel 4140 and other metals using the OnlineMetals. Unfortunately, in recent years a rather large and burgeoning amount of criticism against them has arisen due to a combination of uncertified armour, unreliable materials, and dishonest. Buyer beware, unless you get the steel from a reliable source (i. Outstanding wear and impact-resistant properties. ≤ 0. The mechanical properties of a material affect how it behaves as it is loaded. Q235B and ABS Grade A Mechanical properties. 202 Stainless Steel Properties. These products discuss the testing of bar, tube, fasteners, and round wire, and are included in the. Metal Supermarkets is the world’s largest supplier of small-quantity metals. AR500 steel is so hard and impact-resistant that manufacturers use it to make armored cars, underground mining equipment, bulldozers, and excavators. In very high-carbon steel, the amount of carbon content present is above 0. Fax: (371) 88884766. 010: 1. AR500 Wear Plate. All material is provided in a cold finished & annealed condition. AR500 plate is highly impact resistant, boasting 1. Request a Quote. Directions. AISI 8620 alloy steel is a common, carburizing alloy steel. Depending on the hardness/toughness requirements, the steel undergoes various heat treatments to achieve final properties. The tempered design include aluminum 7075-T6. Some of the typical mechanical properties show huge applications in space and. It offers an excellent combination of strength, notch toughness, and weldability. Overview: Abrasion resistant steel plate grade used in high-wear applications, such as in mining equipment and concrete handling. Traditional steel designations 2-5 Mechanical properties, room temp. Branches featuring A514 Steel Plate products. SAF Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel (UNS S32205 S31803) Alloy Material. clifton steel company 16500 rockside road, maple heights, oh 44137 fax: 216. 05%) and 0. Strength: The ability of a material that can withstand to Mechanical load is called Strength of that particular material. Details. I've used it to make silhouette targets for our shooting range. 50 The materials AR500 steel and AA7075 aluminium alloy are categorized as high-strength metals 51 in their respective families. While targeted at more severe wear conditions, Hardox ® 600 can still be cut and welded, making it an excellent choice for high-performance applications. is a leading supplier and stockholder of high-strength steel and a wide range of other top-quality products suitable for various applications. 6107 e-mail: info@cliftonsteel. It exhibits good strength, weldability, and low cost. 4130 contains 0. 5, rounded to the nearest percent. Carbon steels with low carbon content offer better raw-material workability, but are susceptible to uneven quenching, so care must be taken with regard. It is designed for high wear applications and is often used in the mining or material handling industries. PROS & CONS OF STEEL ARMOR. With a Millermatic 180, you could do 3/16" (. Heat Treatment. 2. Our ballistic steel is made in USA, and is an abrasion resistant type (i. Tensile strength is the amount of force required to pull a material apart. All of the mechanical properties for the abrasion resistance steel matches the ASTM E10. In the present study, vacuum brazing was applied to join Ti-6Al-4V and stainless steel using AgCuZn filler metal. [150 mm] and under intended primarily for use in welded structures and other non-welded structures. 85 g/cm 3 (0. Action Target uses only high quality, through hardened steel with a Brinell hardness rating of at least 500, and we use it in every one of our ballistic steel products. AR500, AR400) with a high content of carbon designed specifically to have greater hardness properties than regular steel. The controlled rolling process refines the grain of the alloy, and improves durability. This page shows summary ranges across all of. Stainless steel grade 303 is the most readily machineable of all the austenitic grades of stainless steel. Metals and Materials Table of Contents. Hardox® 450 is an abrasion-resistant steel with a nominal hardness of 450 HBW. Hardox ® 600 has been successfully used in cement. 283. The figures below are representative of 15mm thick AR400 and AR500 plates. AR450 is an abrasion resistant plate used in a variety of. A structural steel developed for use in demanding load-bearing structures within the offshore and marine Industry. AR500 is harder than AR400 and so on. AR500, now Armored Republic, is a company based in Arizona, devoted to budget armour plating that is affordable, reliable, and sturdy. Protector Helmet. The purpose of complete annealing of AR500 steel plate is to improve the bad structure, such as coarse grain, widmanstatten structure (coarse ferrite with directional growth accompanied by coarse grain) or banded structure, in the process of hot forging, hot rolling, welding or casting due to high temperature, so as to refine the grain, improve the. Values of these properties are primarily reflected by its microstructures and chemical compositions. The maximum temperature for duplex 2205 stainless steel applications is generally below 300 °C (570 °F), because the high alloy content and the presence of a ferrite matrix make it susceptible to embrittlement and reduced mechanical strength, especially toughness, due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures. While the hardness numbe r was obtained by usingStainless steel grade 316Ti contains a small amount of titanium. It a superior alternative to AR500 plate because of its minimum hardness guarantee of 500 HBW. Specifications: ASTM A500 Grade B. A572 grade 50 steel plate is a high-strength, low-alloy plate, specified for bridges, higher strength structural duties, and light pressure vessel requirements. AR400 / AR450 / AR500 Overview These grades are used in highly abrasive environments within the mining, cement, aggregate, and various ground engaging applications. In very high-carbon steel, the amount of carbon content present is above 0. 290. Introduction. This article provides chemical composition, mechanical properties and alternative designations of S7 tool steel. 292 lb/in³: Mechanical Properties. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical integrity of AR500 steel and AA7075 aluminium alloy joint produced by a simple torch brazing process. ; Aluminium, copper, tin, lead etc are. Properties The high-carbon composition and additional chemical alloys included in AR500 steel give the material enhanced hardness and wear resistance. AR500, or AR500F steel, is a high-carbon. These advanced JFE 500 plates withstand high impact forces. 7092 nt 54. AR400 + AR500 abrasion resistant plate, bar & strips. More Info. That’s an increase in hardness of 30%. 6107 E-MAIL: INFO@CLIFTONSTEEL. It has a solid reputation as a highly versatile, abrasion-resistant steel that also has structural properties. It is commonly used for hot end components (e. As a result, HSLA 100 offers high strength and good bendability, with up to 20-30% less weight than would be required with the equivalent. The density of 50W steel is around 7. Hardox® 450 combines good bendability and weldability. The main advantage of 316Ti is that it can be held. Impact toughness: 69 J at -40°C (51 ft-lb at -40°F) Plate: 4-130 mm (0. Cost. All. AR500 Armor® Heritage Plate . AISI 4140 alloy steel is heated at 845°C (1550°F) followed by quenching in oil. . 50%. 70: 1. It has been shown that shear strength decreased with increasing the. We Stock in E350A, E350BR, E350B0, E350C, from JSPL, Essar, Welspun, Etc. ASTM A500 (Also known as A-500) carbon steel tubing is a standard specification for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in round, square and rectangular shapes. Get a quote today!AR500 is a hardened steel that is commonly used for targets, armored applications, truck plows and in mining. prosaic steel & alloy is highly acclaimed manufacturer. AR Medium plates are the abrasion resistant plates which fall under the class of moderate wear AR plates, which includes AR200 and AR235. We offer Class C and Class H in accordance with this specification. Ok let's start with ASTM A500 chemical composition. AR450: 430-480. The plates are spec'd to be 470 - 550 Brinell hardness. Mechanical strengths of the joints were evaluated by the shear test and microhardness. Heat to 800 °C (1475 °F).